To evaluate the relevance of the Brandt Line I wanted to use measures that are most relevant to questions about political divisions between North and South. Much of the research into global inequality has been conducted by economists and sociologists, who have framed these questions in particular ways.
For example, asking questions about the absolute incomes of individuals across the world makes sense if we are focused on economic welfare or if we are conceiving the world as one global society. But from a political perspective, relative incomes and the share of economic power between different societies might be more significant.
Additionally, it matters a great deal for international politics that societies are organised as independent, sovereign political entities.
Therefore it is the inequalities of relative income and economic power between sovereign states that my research focuses on. I found that growth rates were on average lower across the South than the North and that the absolute average income gap between the North and South grew. Ranking the states composing the North and the South by income in and reveals very strong continuities: very few states in the global South overtook any of the states in the North.
Indeed, by the state at the 75th percentile of incomes in the South had only achieved the level of income of the state at the 25th percentile for the North in So even the state richer than three quarters of the rest of the South in had not yet reached the income level the majority of Northern states enjoyed in The pattern appears to be one of churn within the global South. If we imagine the states of the world as a deck of cards, ordered in terms of income, with states of the North and the global South represented by cards of different suits, then it is as if the cards have been shuffled somewhat within their suits, but the suits themselves have not been shuffled together.
This corresponds with the finding that diversity in terms of income levels within the global South has increased, with formerly low income states in Asia and regional overperformers in Africa moving up the income rankings, leaving behind states that have suffered from civil war and instability.
The rising economic power of the rest of the global South has been less dramatic but still notable: in the GDP of the OECD was around four and a half times greater than the whole of the South, four decades later it was around two and a half times greater. Nonetheless, the OECD states retain greater aggregate economic power than China and the whole of the rest of the global South combined, despite their falling share of world output over time.
Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in:. Email required Address never made public. Name required. Follow Following. Geography Blog. Sign me up. Already have a WordPress. Log in now. China is still considered a developing nation by the WTO a status it received when it joined decades ago. That allows it to take on fewer commitments than developed nations. China's economy is now one of the biggest in the world; it needs to step up and pull its economic weight.
The Brandt Report offers a strategy for resolving the present crisis of the financial system of international capitalism. One of its main concerns is the increasing inability of Third World countries to meet their debts to private banks. Here is a list that defines the generally agreed-upon status—developed or developing —of 25 countries around the world.
HDI is calculated by the United Nations. It measures average life expectancy , level of education and income for each country in the world. India is a new emerging economy NEE that is experiencing rapid economic development. It is composed of four principal areas of interest: mean years of schooling expected years of schooling, life expectancy at birth, and gross national income per capita.
LDCs have exclusive access to certain international support measures in particular in the areas of development assistance and trade. The majority of these people live in developing countries. Countries with a high number of people openly defecating are India million , followed by Nigeria There are very affluent areas within countries which may be considered poor and vice versa.
Adding labels may help to classify countries but it may also hide differences between countries.
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