In another game, participants need to mime non-verbal cues to express their feelings about a topic. The other participants need to write down what they believe the other person feels. Finally, you can practice active listening by having all participants listen to one person speak for three to five minutes.
During this time, no other participants may speak. Afterwards, the other participants need to paraphrase what they think the other person said. It usually takes a high level of concentration to perform this type of listening. You also need to apply critical thinking to what you are learning. When you know how to use informational listening, you empower yourself to become a better learner.
By actively learning and improving yourself, you can become a more valuable asset in your place of work. You use this type of listening before you even know how to understand words. Instead of relying on words, discriminative listening uses tone of voice, verbal cues, and other changes in sound. Discriminative listening is how babies understand the intention of a phrase before they can understand words.
You can also use nonverbal cues to listen and analyze. This listening style is key to understanding the subtle cues in a conversation.
Using this listening skill can help you read between the lines and hear what remains unspoken. They say yes, but you can tell from their body language, such as shifting uncomfortably, that something is wrong.
In other words, critical thinking is the process by which people qualitatively and quantitatively assess the information they have accumulated, and how they in turn use that information to solve problems and forge new patterns of understanding.
Critical thinking clarifies goals, examines assumptions, discerns hidden values, evaluates evidence, accomplishes actions, and assesses conclusions. Critical thinking has many practical applications, such as formulating a workable solution to a complex personal problem, deliberating in a group setting about what course of action to take, or analyzing the assumptions and methods used in arriving at a scientific hypothesis.
People use critical thinking to solve complex math problems or compare prices at the grocery store. Critical thinking occurs whenever people figure out what to believe or what to do, and do so in a reasonable, reflective way. The concepts and principles of critical thinking can be applied to any context or case, but only by reflecting upon the nature of that application.
Critical thinking skills include observation, interpretation, analysis, inference, evaluation, explanation, and metacognition. Therefore, critical thinkers must engage in highly active listening to further their critical thinking skills. People can use critical thinking skills to understand, interpret, and assess what they hear in order to formulate appropriate reactions or responses. These skills allow people to organize the information that they hear, understand its context or relevance, recognize unstated assumptions, make logical connections between ideas, determine the truth values, and draw conclusions.
Conversely, engaging in focused, effective listening also lets people collect information in a way that best promotes critical thinking and, ultimately, successful communication. Causes of Poor Listening : There are many barriers that can impede effective listening. These barriers include distractions, an inability to prioritize information, a tendency to assume or judge based on little or no information i.
Listening barriers may be psychological e. However, some of the most common barriers to effective listening include low concentration, lack of prioritization, poor judgement, and focusing on style rather than substance.
Low concentration, or not paying close attention to speakers, is detrimental to effective listening. It can result from various psychological or physical situations such as visual or auditory distractions, physical discomfort, inadequate volume, lack of interest in the subject material, stress, or personal bias.
Full listening involves paying close and careful attention to what the speaker is conveying. Full listening is useful in the classroom, when someone is instructing you on how to complete a task, and when discussing work projects with superiors.
Critical listening is often useful in situations when speakers may have a certain agenda or goal, such as watching political debates, or when a salesperson is pitching a product or service.
Therapeutic listening means allowing a friend, colleague, or family member to discuss their problems. It involves emphasizing and applying supportive nonverbal cues, such as nodding and maintaining eye contact, in addition to empathizing with their experiences.
A number of specific strategies can be applied to listening, but they all share one key element: being present and attentive during conversations and respectful of those involved. This ability can help you be a more effective partner, parent, student, and coworker. Time Management for Online Students. How to Stand Out as a Career Nomad.
Roger K. Allen, Deep Listening. Skip to main content. Apply Program Guide. Benefits of Being a Good Listener There are numerous benefits associated with being a good listener. Formative feedback is a natural part of the ongoing transaction between a speaker and a listener. As the speaker delivers the message, a listener signals his or her involvement with focused attention, note-taking, nodding, and other behaviors that indicate understanding or failure to understand the message.
These signals are important to the speaker, who is interested in whether the message is clear and accepted or whether the content of the message is meeting the resistance of preconceived ideas.
Speakers can use this feedback to decide whether additional examples, support materials, or explanation is needed. Summative feedback is given at the end of the communication.
When you attend a political rally, a presentation given by a speaker you admire, or even a class, there are verbal and nonverbal ways of indicating your appreciation for or your disagreement with the messages or the speakers at the end of the message. At the same time, we do not always listen most carefully to the messages of speakers we admire.
Sometimes we simply enjoy being in their presence, and our summative feedback is not about the message but about our attitudes about the speaker. There is little doubt that by now, you are beginning to understand the complexity of listening and the great potential for errors. By becoming aware of what is involved with active listening and where difficulties might lie, you can prepare yourself both as a listener and as a speaker to minimize listening errors with your own public speeches.
Search for:. Department of Communication, Indiana State University. Chapter 5: Listening. Stages of Listening As you read earlier, there are many factors that can interfere with listening, so you need to be able to manage a number of mental tasks at the same time in order to be a successful listener.
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